Assessment of clinical and hematological profile in dengue fever

Authors

  • Mehul K. Patel Department of Medicine, Gujarat Medical Education and Research Society Medical College, Dharpur-Patan, Gujarat
  • Hitesh J. Patel Department of Medicine, Gujarat Medical Education and Research Society Medical College, Dharpur-Patan, Gujarat

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20203608

Keywords:

Dengue, Hemogram, Hematocrit, Leucopenia

Abstract

Background: Dengue is one of the most important viral diseases especially in the tropical regions. According to the WHO almost 50 million people get dengue infection annually and WHO estimates almost half of the world’s population lives in countries having endemicity for dengue infection. This study is an attempt to elucidate the positive laboratory profile of serologically diagnosed dengue patients so as to facilitate early diagnosis, treatment, management and vector control measures, to reduce the morbidity and mortality because of this disease.

Methods: This study was conducted on 80 indoor patients. Patients presenting to the emergency department, outpatient department (OPD) or pediatric OPD with complaints of fever and clinical features of dengue with positive NS1 antigen test or dengue antibody serology IgM or IgG or both were included in the study. Hemogram was done on automated cell counter analyzer (Sysmex XP 100) which included hemoglobin, hematocrit, total leucocyte count (TLC), differential leucocyte count (DLC) and platelets count.

Results: Raised hematocrit (>47%) was noted in 10 (16.6%) of patients at presentation and the hematocrit ranged from 20- 51%. The total leukocyte count ranged from 1500 cells/cumm to >11000 cells/cumm. Leucopenia with less than 4000 cells/cumm was present in 25 % cases.  In the present study out of 80 cases of dengue fever, 85% cases had thrombocytopenia and 15% cases had severe thrombocytopenia (< 20,000/cumm) with bleeding manifestations.

Conclusions: Hemoconcentration, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and raised liver enzymes SGOT and SGPT along with reactive/ plasmacytoid lymphocytes on peripheral smear gives enough clues to test for dengue serology so that dengue cases can be diagnosed in their initial stages.

References

Khan E, Hasan R, Mehraj J, Mahmood S. Genetic Diversity of Dengue Virus and Associated Clinical Severity During Periodic Epidemics in South East Asia. Karachi, Pakiatan. Current Topics Tropical Med. 2006:91-105.

World Health Organisation, 2009. Dengue: Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control, New Edition, World Health Organization and TDR for research on diseases of poverty.

Chaudhuri M. What can India do about dengue fever? BMJ. 2013;346:f643.

Simmons CP, Farrar JJ, Chau NV, Wills B. Dengue. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:1423-32.

Whitehorn J, Farrar J. Dengue. Br Med Bull. 2010;95:161-73.

Dengue: Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control in sub-Saharan Africa and 13 countries in South America. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009.

Hales S, De Wet N, Maindonald J, Woodward A. Potential effect of population and climate changes on global distribution of dengue fever: an empirical model. Lancet. 2002;360(9336):830-34.

Siqueira JB, Martelli SMT, Coelho GE, Simplicio ACR, Hatch DL. Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever, Brazil, 1981-2002. Emerging Infectious Dis. 2005;11(1):48-53.

Deshwal R, Qureshi MI, Singh R. Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Dengue Fever. J Association Physicians India. 2015;63.

Gajera VV, Sahu S, Dhar R. Study of Haematological Profile of Dengue Fever and its Clinical Implication. Annals Applied Bio-Sci. 2016;3(3):2455-396.

Meena KC, Jelia S, Meena S, Arif M, Ajmera D, Jatav VS. A study of hematological profile in dengue fever at a tertiary care center, Kota Rajasthan. Int J Adv Med. 2016;3(3):621-4.

Ahmed F, Hussain Z, Ali Z. Clinical and hematological profile of patients with dengue fever. J Med Sci. 2014;22(1):17-20.

Dongre T, Karmarkar P. Hematological Parameters and Its Utility in Dengue: A Prospestive Study. IOSR-J Dental Med Sci. 2015;14(2):31-4.

Gajera VV, Sahu S, Dhar R. Study of Haematological Profile of Dengue Fever and its Clinical Implication. Annals Applied Bio-Sci. 2016;3:41-6.

Butt N, Abbassi A, Munir SM, Ahmad SM, Sheikh QH. Haematological and Biochemical indicators for early diagnosis of Dengue viral infections. J College Physicians Surgeons Pakistan. 2008;18:282-5.

Shekar GC, Amaravadi A. Clinical, Biochemical and Hematological Profile in Dengue Fever. Int J Scientific Study. 2016;4:144-8.

Ahmed AB, Bhattacharyya DK, Baruah S, Brahma B, Bharadwaj R. Clinical and Laboratory Profile of Dengue Fever. Int J Med Res Prof. 2017;3:113-6.

Downloads

Published

2020-08-25

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles